Solar System images have the power to transport us to other worlds

Dramatic imagery captured by probes and rovers exploring our Solar System lets us travel to space without leaving Earth.

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Published: May 18, 2022 at 12:47 pm

From as far back as I can remember I have been fascinated by space and have always wanted to get out there.

It started with the Clangers, was reinforced by Star Trek and drove me into a career in space science.

My dream presently remains unfulfilled, but in recent years I feel that I have got closer to my goal through some of the fantastic images that have been taken of the planets in our Solar System.

On 4 October 1957, the Soviets launched the first artificial satellite - Sputnik I - into Earth orbit, kick-starting what would eventually become known as the Space Race.

Sputnik 1 - the satellite that launched the Space Race. Credit: NASA

Not long after, on 14 August 1959, the first Earth observation picture was taken from orbit.

It is blurry to say the least: a crude picture of the sunlit part of the Pacific Ocean and its cloud cover, taken by NASA’s Explorer 6 spacecraft.

Since then we have been taking more and more detailed images of our planet and the other worlds out there.

The first image of Earth from space, captured by NASA's Explorer 6 spacecraft. It shows a sunlit area of the Central Pacific Ocean and cloud cover. The satellite was 27,000km above the surface of the Earth on 14 August 1959 when the image was taken. Credit: NASA

The magnificent and unexpected ice mountains of Pluto were revealed in 2015 via images taken by the New Horizons flyby mission.

The first images of Pluto sent back from New Horizons revealed the dwarf planet's icy heart. Credit: NASA/JPL - NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute - https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/855/color-pluto/

In 2014, the excitement of the Rosetta mission's Philae touchdown was marked by images taken in orbit around the comet and from its chaotic surface.

An outflow of gas from Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, which was studied during the Rosetta mission. Credit: ESA/Rosetta/NAVCAM – CC BY-SA IGO 3.0

Some of the most spectacular pictures are of the planets themselves: Venus surrounded by thick clouds of sulphur dioxide, the rings of Saturn taken by the Cassini spacecraft.

So much of our Solar System has been revealed by stunning images.

A view of Saturn’s rings captured by the Cassini spacecraft on 21 July 2016. Just below rings can be spotted Saturn’s tiny moon Mimas. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute

My favourite image of the Solar System

Of the many thousands of images that have been taken so far, one my favourites is a picture of Mars taken by the Curiosity Rover.

The image displays Gale Crater on the Martian surface around 1.5m wide by 1m deep.

The colours are vivid orange, dark grey and white, and there is a wide range of textures indicating the varied Martian surface.

Curiosity’s tracks in Gale Crater on Mars. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

The reason this image has captured my imagination is because it truly feels as if we are looking through a window onto the surface of Mars.

The cameras that took the pictures sit at around eye height on Curiosity, so the image really conveys what it would be like to stand on Mars and view the scene.

The scientific data has been given a new lease of life through painstaking processing, adapting the raw data to the colour palette of the human eye.

Many hundreds of raw images have been amalgamated into one photograph to achieve a high resolution and pin sharp focus.

It’s an image that I feel that I can step into, transporting me to Mars in an instant.

To my mind this is the real power of this image.

Juno has revealed the chaotic beauty of Jupiter's stormy cloud tops. Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS/Kevin M. Gill

The raw scientific data has given us amazing scientific insight into the bodies that we have been observing, but with the alchemy of art the same data is producing a visible, visceral delight which is available to all.

What's more, the raw data is available for anyone to download and process and produce their own images of the Solar System.

Find out how to do this in our guide to processing raw space mission data.

My desire to travel out into space and visit the amazing scenes in our Solar System is still with me, but with these images and others like them I feel I have come a little closer to my dream.

This article originally appeared in the April 2016 issue of BBC Sky at Night Magazine.

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