How Jupiter’s growth spurt changed the paths of the planets

How Jupiter’s growth spurt changed the paths of the planets

We explain how, billions of years ago, this planet helped set the stage for Earth and the worlds we know

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Published: July 5, 2025 at 5:37 am

Find out what Jupiter’s early days reveal about us in this one minute read

  • Jupiter was once a cosmic balloon: It used to be twice as big as it is now - that’s the equivalent of 8,000 Earths fitting inside it.
  • A powerful force: Its supercharged magnetic field was 50 times stronger, influencing the whole Solar System.
  • Why we’re here: Jupiter’s wild moves helped shape the paths of the planets - including Earth’s.
  • Clues from tiny moons: Scientists cracked this mystery by studying two of Jupiter’s smallest, oft-overlooked moons.
  • A window into our origins: Understanding Jupiter’s past helps explain how our own planet - and life - came to be.

It’s astonishing that even after 4.5 billion years, enough clues remain to let us reconstruct Jupiter’s physical state at the dawn of its existence

Fred C. Adams

A view of the Great Red Spot and a massive storm called Oval BA in Jupiter's atmosphere, as seen by the Juno spacecraft. Credit: Enhanced Image by Gerald Eichstädt and Sean Doran (CC BY-NC-SA) based on images provided Courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS

Curious how a planet’s teenage years shaped your place in the Universe? Read the full story, Young Jupiter was so big, you could fit 8,000 Earths inside it.

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